A/HRC/32/33 V. Conclusions and recommendations 96. Healthy lifestyles have not traditionally been viewed as a rights issue, but their adoption is integral to realization of the right to health. Sport and physical activity are a vital part of healthy lifestyles, and States and other actors incur important obligations to maximize individual capacity to exercise and to live healthfully. 97. The obligation to respect the right to health means that no person should be prohibited from participating in sport or physical activity. States and international sporting bodies must immediately remove discriminatory laws and policies in sport, including those that hinder participation, and tackle discriminatory attitudes and practices. 98. The rights of both professional and amateur athletes, including children, must also be protected. Abuse, violence and discrimination occur too frequently within sport; States are obliged to take steps to prevent rights violations, and to provide adequate rehabilitation, redress and remedy. 99. States should incorporate sport and healthy lifestyles into their national health programming, and consider the health impacts of policies in relevant areas such as urban planning, in order to secure individual participation in sport and in active transport such as cycling. Positive steps must be taken by States to facilitate, provide and promote realization of the right to health through participation in sport. All people must be enabled to access physical education, and education around healthy lifestyles. National human rights institutions have unique roles to play in monitoring and accountability in this area. 100. Finally, private corporations and sporting organizations (including international sporting bodies) have a vital role to play in securing realization of the right to health through sport and healthy lifestyles. These entities should ensure that their policies and programmes, including those around major sporting events, do not undermine health rights, and accord with international human rights law. 101. The Special Rapporteur recommends that States: (a) Review all laws, policies, regulations and programmes relating to sport and healthy lifestyles for compliance with human rights standards, and immediately amend or remove those that are discriminatory in nature or conflict with human rights; (b) Ban the advertising, promotion and sponsorship of all children’s sporting events, and other sporting events that could be attended by children, by manufacturers of alcohol, tobacco and unhealthy foods; (c) Create or enforce national human rights protection mechanisms applicable to amateur and professional athletes, ensuring access to justice and redress in the event of rights violations; (d) Create or update national health-care plans to include strategies concerning the promotion of sport and physical activity and healthy lifestyles, as part of a health in all policies approach; (e) Create or update school-based physical education to ensure compliance with human rights standards; (f) Take steps to secure participation in sport for all and the adoption of healthy lifestyles through: (i) Collaboration between relevant government sectors in developing policies and programmes with health impacts; 22