A/HRC/44/28 development, and that lasting progress towards the implementation of the right to development requires effective development policies at the national level, as well as equitable economic relations and a favourable economic environment at the international level (part I, para. 10). Furthermore, it recognized that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated, and that the international community must treat human rights globally in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing, and with the same emphasis (part I, para. 5). The same principles also underpin the mandate of the Human Rights Council (General Assembly resolution 60/251 and Council resolution 5/1). III. Policy frameworks and new and emerging opportunities As humanity faces the immediate threat from coronavirus disease (COVID-19), “more than ever before, we need solidarity, hope and the political will and cooperation to see this crisis through together”. 1 This crisis reinforces the importance of international cooperation. International cooperation is key to realizing peace, human rights and sustainable development. Rapid and far-reaching developments in transport, information and communication technologies, exchange of information, ideas, goods and services and mass migrations, as well as growing inequalities, have posed new opportunities and challenges for the realization of human rights. Global economic and environmental crises, including profound threats from climate change, transformative changes in global demographics, and the rise of nationalism and populism, which undermine democratic ideals and human rights values, call for collective and holistic global responses. While States bear the primary responsibility for promoting sustainable development, the structures, processes and outcomes in an interdependent, globalized world are deeply affected by international policies and developments beyond their borders. The Declaration on the Right to Development affirms the duties of States to cooperate in order to advance development and to strengthen human rights and fundamental freedoms. States also have the duty to take steps, individually and collectively, to formulate international development policies with a view to facilitating the full realization of the right to development (art. 4 (1)), and thus all human rights. Notably, States must take sustained action for more rapid development of developing countries. Effective international cooperation is essential to provide them with appropriate means and facilities to foster their comprehensive development (art. 4 (2)). In the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the General Assembly called for a revitalized global partnership for sustainable development, emphasizing the critical importance of international cooperation for realizing the 2030 Agenda, including the Sustainable Development Goals. The Agenda includes universal goals and targets which involve the entire world, developed and developing countries alike. Accordingly, it is to be implemented in a non-selective way and in a manner consistent with the rights and obligations of States under international law. In the 2030 Agenda, the General Assembly further committed to leave no one behind and to endeavour to reach the furthest behind first. This commitment is underpinned by Sustainable Development Goal 17, which is to strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development. Effective implementation of Goal 17 will serve to advance the realization of human rights, including the right to development (A/HRC/42/29, paras. 29–68). It will further help to redress inequalities within countries and asymmetries among them in line with Goal 10 (A/HRC/39/18, paras. 53–56). Goal 17 can be fully implemented only through increased political commitment, new innovative resource mobilization strategies and a strong commitment to international cooperation (A/HRC/41/21, para. 84). As highlighted by the Secretary-General’s response 1 United Nations, “Shared responsibility, global solidarity: responding to the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19”, March 2020, p. 2. Available at www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_report_socioeconomic_impact_of_covid19.pdf. 3