A/HRC/22/32 B. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) 65. The Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) is the specialized institution of OSCE dealing with elections, human rights and democratization. OSCE/ODIHR is involved in a large number of activities to support efforts by States to strengthen their administration of justice, in particular in the areas of trial monitoring, criminal justice reform, administrative justice, electoral dispute resolution and independence of the judiciary. 66. With the purpose of maximizing OSCE expertise in monitoring trials, contributing to the sustainability of OSCE trial monitoring programmes, and building the capacity of partner NGOs by enhancing their substantive and methodological skills, ODIHR has developed methodological tools on trial monitoring, including Trial-Monitoring: A Reference Manual for Practitioners8 and Legal Digest of International Fair Trial Rights.9 ODIHR has, for instance, trained NGOs and attorneys from Belarus and Kyrgyzstan on trial monitoring methodologies. 67. Another focus of ODIHR is the reform of criminal justice systems. ODIHR has been developing projects in cooperation with OSCE field operations present in Central Asia and in the Caucasus to foster regional exchanges between relevant actors of the criminal justice system and provide expertise on specific issues of interest to the protection of fair trial rights in criminal procedures. For instance, in October 2012, ODIHR organized the Fourth Expert Forum on Criminal Justice for Central Asia where around 100 policymakers, members of the judiciary, prosecution and legal profession, academics and NGO representatives gathered to discuss latest trends in criminal justice reforms in the region. 68. In the Republic of Moldova, ODIHR conducted an assessment of the newly established Superior Council of Prosecutors in 2010. Assistance in strengthening judicial, prosecutorial and bar structures throughout the OSCE region remains a key issue for access to justice and the right to a fair trial and will constitute a cornerstone in ODIHR work in the period to come. 69. Additionally, in October 2011, ODIHR completed the War Crimes Justice Project, in partnership with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute, with the support from the OSCE field operations in the Western Balkans. The project contributed to enhancing the capacity of the institutions for prosecuting and adjudicating war crimes cases, facilitated exchange of experience between justice actors from the region and the Tribunal; transferred relevant material from the Tribunal to the region; and fostered regional cooperation between legal professionals. ODIHR continues supporting the jurisdictions of the countries to enhance their capacity to process war crimes cases. Activities include further strengthening the institutional capacity of training institutions and legal practitioners, through peer-to-peer meetings and targeted training based on curriculums developed under the project. 70. Monitoring court proceedings for their compliance with international and European fair trial standards is of key importance to supporting States’ reform efforts, also related to administrative justice systems. To support monitoring of administrative courts and promote fair trial rights in administrative judicial proceedings, ODIHR in partnership with the Swedish Folke Bernadotte Academy started developing the Handbook on Monitoring Administrative Justice. Through distribution and promotion of the handbook, ODIHR aims 8 9 Warsaw, 2008. Warsaw, 2012. 15