A/HRC/28/54 health workers were also targeted, leading to the resurgence of preventable diseases, such as polio. 32. In recent years, the international community has become increasingly aware of the impact on children of attacks on schools and hospitals and taken important steps to protect those institutions. The Security Council recognized this important aspect in its resolutions 1998, and requested the Secretary-General to list in the annexes of his annual reports on children and armed conflict the armed forces and groups who attack schools and/or hospitals and related protected persons. In resolution 2143, the Security Council called for enhanced monitoring of the military use of schools. To better implement those resolutions, the Special Representative, together with UNICEF, World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), published the guidance note “Protect Schools and Hospitals”1 on 21 May 2014. With this guidance note, child protection actors in the field will be better equipped to monitor, report on and engage in advocacy, and work with parties to conflict to end and prevent attacks on schools and hospitals. It also calls for increased collaboration with both traditional and new partners, including a range of civil society partners whose work is crucial to protection from and monitoring of attacks on education and health care. 33. Accountability for those who attack schools and hospitals is a key aspect of prevention. The Special Representative reiterates her call upon Member States to promote the guidance note, institute changes in national policies and legislation as well as in military doctrine, manuals and training, and investigate and prosecute those who deliberately target schools and hospitals. The Security Council expressed deep concern about the military use of schools and hospitals as it compromises their civilian status, puts them at risk of attacks as lawful military targets, and has a disruptive effect on educational and medical activities. The Special Representative invites the Human Rights Council and other human rights bodies to use all available means to draw attention to the issue, including the universal periodic review, country situations and thematic reports. Lastly, the Special Representative welcomes the release on 16 December 2014 of the “Guidelines for Protecting Schools and Universities from Military Use during Armed Conflict”, by the Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack, and encourages Member States to adopt them. 34. The burdensome process of rebuilding and reopening schools and restoring a community’s trust in their safety often leaves children without education for months or even years. In that regard, the Special Representative underlines the importance of targeted initiatives, such as the Secretary-General’s Global Education First Initiative, the “No Lost Generation” initiative by the United Nations and its partners in the Syrian Arab Republic, the planned data hub project on global attacks on education by Protect Education in Insecurity and Conflict, which will be publicly available for advocacy use, and the European Union Children of Peace initiative. Children growing up in the absence of health care or education will have an impact on a society’s potential for development and peace for many years after a conflict has ended. Ensuring access to education and health care, in particular during times of war, must be a priority so as to better protect children from the impact of armed conflict. 1 10 See “Protect Schools + Hospitals: Guidance note on Security Council resolution 1998”, May 2014. Available in Arabic, English and French.