A/HRC/42/60 III. Cambodia and the Sustainable Development Goals 17. Cambodia is now in a distinct phase of development. Following years of strong economic growth and significant progress in poverty reduction, Cambodia has an ambition to be considered a high-income country by 2050. To help guide it towards realizing that vision, the Government has adopted phase IV of its “Rectangular Strategy” and the localization plan for the Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals and is now finalizing the national strategic development plan. These three documents are designed to provide a coherent development strategy for the country. 18. The promotion and protection of human rights should be an integral part of this development framework. The Sustainable Development Goals are drawn from the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Unlike the Millennium Development Goals, the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals integrate the promotion and protection of human rights as a key principle enabling the attainment of the goals. People are placed at the centre of development. Indeed, over 90 per cent of the targets in the goals link to human rights and labour standards. 19. Human rights unequivocally anchor the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals. The 2030 Agenda explicitly states that it is grounded in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international human rights treaties. Its implementation is to be consistent with the obligations of States under international law, including their human rights obligations. Many of the recommendations Cambodia has received in connection with treaty body reports, the universal periodic review and the reports and communications of special procedures mandate holders relate directly to the targets of the 2030 Agenda. It is therefore appropriate that in the present report the Special Rapporteur examines the Cambodian Sustainable Development Goals in the context of the country’s human rights obligations. Moreover, Cambodia is submitting its voluntary national review in July 2019 to the highlevel political forum on sustainable development. 20. The Sustainable Development Goals are closely linked to civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights. They cover areas such as health, education, decent work, food, water and equality, as well as personal security, access to justice and fundamental freedoms. Many of the Goals refer explicitly to human rights, such as ending all forms of discrimination, protecting sexual and reproductive health rights and labour rights, prohibiting torture and protecting fundamental freedoms (Goals 5, 8, 10 and 16). 21. In addition, human rights principles, such as non-discrimination and equality, participation and accountability, cut across the 2030 Agenda and the Goals, providing guidance on their implementation. 22. An underlying principle of the Goals is to “leave no one behind”. There are two dedicated goals on combating inequality and discrimination (Goal 5 on achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls and Goal 10 on reducing inequalities within and between States) while Goal 16 identifies the promotion and enforcement of nondiscriminatory laws and policies as a means of implementation towards sustainable development (target 16.b). In addition, all Goals should be implemented “without distinction of any kind as to race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinions, national and social origin, property, birth, disability or other status”. In turn, target 17.18 aims at “the availability of high-quality, timely and reliable data disaggregated by income, gender, race, ethnicity, migratory status, disability, geographic location and other characteristics relevant in national contexts”. Cambodia completed a national census in March 2019. That is expected to produce data which can be disaggregated to help identify those in danger of being left behind. Further data is expected from the household socioeconomic survey in 2019, the intercensal agricultural survey in 2019 and the demographic and health survey in 2020. However, during her discussions with the Ministry of Planning and the National Institute of Statistics, the Special Rapporteur learnt that the census and the three surveys mentioned above could provide some levels of the data disaggregation necessary to identify and quantify those in danger of being left behind. Limited data disaggregation exists, owing in part to technical constraints on the Ministry 6