A/HRC/44/45/Add.1 people were in the country in 2019 waiting for a decision on their asylum claims. Those applicants whose applications are rejected or for whom the deadline has expired, by law, should return to their country of origin. Montenegro provides assistance for voluntary return. 47. In cases of unaccompanied and separated children, a social worker is immediately appointed to each child. The Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare has established a clearly defined protocol with the centre for social welfare for when an unaccompanied minor is identified. Children sometimes come with a sibling or alone. If the sibling is an adult, the sibling is appointed as the carer; if not, the centre for social welfare will appoint a carer. As with children who are victims of trafficking, assistance is channelled through the centre for social welfare and accommodation provided in the shelter in Pljevjla. However, concerns have been raised about the inadequacy of that solution in the long term. For children who are victims of trafficking and unaccompanied migrant children, Montenegro must step up its efforts and find more durable solutions that are designed on basis of the best interests of the child. V. Investigations, prosecutions and access to justice 48. Regarding law enforcement efforts, the low number of identified victims and the low number of prosecutions raised many concerns. In 2018, law enforcement investigated four such cases, and two in 2017, and the Government did not initiate any prosecutions, although two were initiated in 2017. According to the Government, the newly established operational team within the Police Directorate headed by the Head State Prosecutor should bring better results in the future. 49. Within the police department, since 2018, a unit was established for trafficking in persons and illegal migration, replacing the former unit within the organized crime department. In addition to the eight police officers dedicated to that unit, several city police departments have officers acting as focal points on the issue. 50. The police currently maintain two permanent operations: one dedicated to trafficking in persons and another focused specifically on begging. 51. Since the establishment of the operational team, in December 2018, and the department on trafficking in persons and illegal migration, over 50 persons have been arrested for trafficking in persons. In the period from January to October 2019, officers brought charges under article 444 of the Criminal Code, on trafficking in persons, against two persons. In addition to the cases in which victims were identified, the police began other investigative activities in 7 cases; in 3 of them, the police applied covert surveillance measures and, in the other 4, officers were collecting information and evidence in cooperation with the operational team. 52. Current cases under investigation include a case of trafficking for sexual exploitation, a case of the labour exploitation of two Pakistani nationals in the hospitality industry, a case of forced begging involving four Roma children and a case of forced marriage. 53. After the visit of the Special Rapporteur, a new case was identified, and eight alleged perpetrators were arrested for the trafficking of 38 Taiwanese victims, who were held in captivity in three separate locations in Montenegro. The victims were allegedly committing Internet fraud for the benefit of that criminal group. The international operation was carried out in collaboration with the national office of the International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) in Podgorica. 54. As head of the team, the Head State Prosecutor has instructed all State prosecutors to submit to her all information and data they gather on begging and domestic violence or any other piece of evidence that points to a case or an indicator of trafficking in persons. The instructions to the prosecutors’ offices of courts of lower instance, where people with less experience on identifying indicators of trafficking work, is aimed at improving detection rates. In that way, one case of trafficking was identified by a State prosecutor dealing with a case of domestic violence who forwarded the statement taken by the girl victim to the Head 11