A/HRC/45/34/Add.3 making and must acquire the free, prior and informed consent of indigenous peoples on all matters affecting them. 73. Indigenous and State justice systems should be seen as complementary and necessary for guaranteeing effective access to justice for indigenous peoples and stronger measures should be taken to harmonize the systems. Intercultural dialogue is needed between indigenous and State justice systems in order to coordinate and strengthen respect for human rights in both systems. B. Lands, territories and resources 74. Laws that recognize the collective rights of indigenous peoples to their lands, territories and resources should be adopted and implemented. Contradictory sectorial legislation on land use, such as conflicting provisions on forestry and mining, should be reformed. 75. States should, in consultation with indigenous peoples, develop mechanisms for the registration, demarcation and titling of lands and territories traditionally owned, occupied and used. The right of indigenous peoples to have their free, prior and informed consent obtained should be respected whenever socioeconomic projects, infrastructure projects or projects for the extraction of natural resources are implemented in their lands and territories. 76. International donors that support land registration processes should be mindful of the implications of such processes for indigenous peoples and ensure that they respect the rights of indigenous peoples, including their right to participate in processes that affect them. C. Conservation 77. There needs to be better understanding of indigenous traditional practices, such as rotational crop cultivation and forest management, and the contribution of indigenous peoples to the conservation, protection and sustainable use of biodiversity. Indigenous peoples should be consulted and participate in designing, implementing, managing and monitoring conservation initiatives and have effective access to complaints mechanisms to seek remedies for violations of their rights. National laws that make illegal the traditional livelihood practices of indigenous peoples, such as shifting cultivation, should be repealed. 78. Tourism cannot be prioritized over the rights of indigenous communities. Protected areas should not be declared, nor should UNESCO World Heritage status applications be submitted, without consultation and without obtaining the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples affected. D. Climate change 79. Indigenous traditional knowledge is crucial for combating and adapting to climate change. Platforms for information exchange about traditional practices among indigenous peoples should be strengthened. 80. Climate finance has the potential to bolster the efforts made by indigenous peoples to adapt to climate change and contribute to climate change mitigation. Unless it is based on respect for the land rights and traditional livelihood practices of indigenous peoples, however, climate finance without adequate human rights safeguards has the potential to undermine the rights of indigenous peoples. Climate change-related projects must be designed with the meaningful participation of and in consultation with indigenous peoples. States, funders and donors all carry responsibilities in this regard. 16

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