A/HRC/19/35 67. As a minimum, States should ensure that free, accessible, simple and expeditious birth registration is available to all children at all ages. 68. The High Commissioner recommends specialized support for children in street situations. To this end, States should promote and support child-centred, tailor-made interventions for children whose connections to family, community and wider society have been weakened and who have developed their own street-based coping mechanisms. In line with a rights-based, holistic approach, specialized interventions should help children to reconnect with family, local community services and wider society. This does not imply that the child should renounce his or her street connections, but rather, such intervention should guarantee that his or her rights are fulfilled. 69. In particular, States should: (a) Introduce laws requiring the design and implementation of municipal policies, with adequate budgets, that are aimed at ensuring positive law enforcement, coordinating referrals and providing support for specialized interventions for children with street connections. These policies should be firmly linked to the national Child Protection System and be based on local multi-stakeholder participation, including children themselves. (b) Encourage and support city-level partnership-based specialized interventions, in which local civil society or community-led organizations (that are small and flexible, with local expertise in street connectedness) manage specialized interventions, coordinated by local authorities (with the capacity to guarantee access to local services), supported by the State (through a national Child Protection System), with the private sector (for capacity-building resources and organizational skills) and academia (for research capacity to enable evidence-based decisionmaking). (c) Guarantee operational budgets for specialized interventions and funding for research to assess their cost-effectiveness. In cases where States are unable, in the short-term, to provide the necessary resources, the private sector and/or international community might be approached to engage as partners, to ensure that specialized interventions, as delegated duty bearers, have the means and capacity to fulfil the rights of children who have developed connections to the street. (d) Commit to fulfilling human rights beyond childhood, if damaging effects of rights violations are not fully addressed by the age of 18, even though legal commitments specific to children may end. 70. As a minimum, States should address stigmatization and discrimination of children in the streets, including through public sensitization to the experiences and rights of street-connected children. 71. In order to address violence, the High Commissioner recommends that States seek to ensure the prevention and prohibition of all forms of violence against children in street situations, and in this regard, implement the recommendations of international mechanisms, including the Secretary-General’s Study on Violence against Children, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on violence against children and the Committee on the Rights of the Child. 72. In particular, States should: (a) Ensure full training on non-violent engagement and respect for the right of children in street situations to freedom from violence for, inter alia, law enforcement officers; judges and all staff in the justice and penal systems; teaching 16