A/HRC/41/24 5. As I have stated on several occasions, prevention must be at the centre of all we do at the United Nations (A/72/707–S/2018/43). We must change the culture of reaction to one of prevention and be prepared to invest the necessary resources. We must also consider all elements required for a comprehensive prevention strategy. In this vein, even though considerable focus is put on conflict prevention, the broader prevention of human rights violations and, in particular, the prevention of atrocities must be part of this discussion. Alarmingly, most conflicts come hand in hand with allegations of serious violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law being committed. It is also well known that the risk of atrocity crimes dramatically increases in an environment of conflict. Therefore, the prevention of conflict contributes to the prevention of atrocity crimes and vice versa. 6. However, genocide and crimes against humanity do not occur only during armed conflict. According to international law, these crimes can also take place in peacetime. A prevention agenda that focuses strictly on conflict prevention risks overlooking these cases. Situations that place States under serious levels of stress, including as a result of political instability, threats to the security of a country or even volatility in economic or social affairs can create environments that are conducive to serious human rights violations and, in the most serious cases, to atrocity crimes, even where there is no armed conflict. 7. There are other clear differences between the armed conflict and the atrocity prevention agendas, particularly regarding the relevant legal frameworks and their objectives, the strategies they typically utilize and the stakeholders they engage with. Ultimately, preventing conflict should benefit the entire population of a country or region. However, as noted, the absence of armed conflict does not necessarily mean the absence of atrocity crimes. Therefore, despite the obvious interlinkages between the conflict and atrocity prevention agendas, the latter should not be subsumed by the former. Acknowledging these differences and establishing the interlinkages between them is the way forward to a broader, better coordinated and sustainable prevention agenda, which I have established as a priority during my tenure as Secretary-General. 8. Equally, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, particularly Sustainable Development Goal 16 to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels greatly benefits from and contributes to atrocity prevention. To make prevention work and to realize the “sustaining peace” agenda, it is important to establish partnerships between different agendas and actors to develop joint analysis and to mainstream the different dimensions into common implementation strategies. III. Strengthening capacities for the prevention of genocide and other atrocity crimes 9. Atrocity crimes are rarely single events that happen instantly. Instead, they tend to be dynamic processes that require time, planning and resources to execute. It can take years to create an environment conducive to the perpetration of these crimes, even when the crimes are committed within a short period of time. 10. There are several factors associated with the risk of atrocity crimes. The Office of the Special Advisers has developed the Framework of Analysis for Atrocity Crimes (A/70/741-S/2016/71, annex),3 which examines conduct, events, circumstances, conditions and other elements that increase the risk of these crimes. By assessing the presence of risk factors in a specific situation, it will be possible to find entry points where early action can be taken to stop their manifestation and, in this way, create an environment that is resilient to their perpetration. As an official document of the United Nations, it has already been translated and issued in all six official languages. The Framework has also been translated 3 Also available as a publication, Framework of Analysis for Atrocity Crimes: A Tool for Prevention, at www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/documents/publications-andresources/Genocide_Framework%20of%20Analysis-English.pdf. 3