A/HRC/23/38 Government to improve implementation at the national level of rights guaranteed at the international level. 55. In this regard, implementing the recommendation to issue a standing invitation to the Human Rights Council special procedures mandate holders to visit Côte d’Ivoire could send a strong signal about the Government’s efforts to promote human rights. 7. Reform of the security sector 56. With regard to security, it was recommended that Côte d’Ivoire should quickly disarm anyone who is not part of the defence and security forces, exclude from those forces anyone responsible for human rights violations, promote human rights training and ensure the punishment of proven human rights violations and the success of the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration process. 57. The Independent Expert recalls that reform of the security sector is not only a precondition for meeting all political, economic and social challenges, but will also be a decisive factor in the renewal of the social contract, which has been profoundly weakened by years of social fragmentation during the protracted crisis. Giving full weight to the significant fact that the FRCI is a combined force made up of two former enemy armies, the National Armed Forces of Côte d’Ivoire and the Forces Nouvelles, the Government should vigorously pursue its efforts to fuse it into a single military entity, notably by thoughtfully and proactively including all ethnic groups, both in recruitment and in promotion. 58. The clarification and sharing of responsibilities among the police and the gendarmerie in matters of public security, and the Armed Forces in matters of defence, must be done on a national basis. In this context, denying legal status to non-legitimate actors and groups, such as the dozos, in matters of security is an important aspect of building security credibility with the general public. The Government should also complete the process of getting the FRCI into barracks. 59. The ultimate goal — a solid guarantee of a peaceful society — is republican, democratic and non-partisan armed forces and security forces that will serve the Ivorian people exclusively. It is critical that politicians show a sense of political ethics and realize what a serious impact of any attempt to exploit the security forces for partisan purposes would have. The Independent Expert notes with interest and hope, however, the farsightedness of the chief of staff’s moves to provide human rights training to the Armed Forces. One notable example is the issuance of certificates by the chief of staff and the director of the UNOCI Human Rights Division to the Ivorian soldiers in the International Support Mission to Mali. The Independent Expert suggested that this human rights training should be supplemented with training in intercultural and interreligious dialogue, particularly in the context of the growing fragmentation and ethnic and religious intolerance in the Sahel-Sahara region. Enrolment in the army and security forces should be an opportunity for soldiers with a background in the rich cultural and ethnic diversity of Côte d’Ivoire to learn about interculturality and multiculturalism. In this regard, the Independent Expert offers to share his own experience as former director of intercultural and interreligious dialogue at UNESCO. 60. On 8 August 2012, the Government of Côte d’Ivoire established the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Authority to reintegrate approximately 65,000 former combatants. The capacity of the public sector to absorb these former combatants is limited, however. They will be recruited into security-related services, namely water and forest services, customs and prison services. The vast majority should be absorbed by the private sector, and the most highly qualified directed into technical field. There is a risk, therefore, that barely contained frustrations might find an outlet in desperate acts that undermine security. The Independent Expert points out that the reintegration of former combatants 12 GE.13-15028