A/HRC/32/36/Add.3 in danger of being subjected to torture,” which, in the case of Mr. Mesli would be reportedly due to his peaceful and legitimate activities in promoting human rights in Algeria. 499. He refers to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which provides that “[f]or the purpose of determining whether there are such grounds, the competent authorities shall take into account all relevant considerations including, where applicable, the existence in the State concerned of a consistent pattern of gross, flagrant or mass violations of human rights.” Moreover, he calls on all States, including Italy to take all necessary steps to secure the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association, as per article 21 and 22 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Kazakhstan 500. JUA 02/04/2015. Case no. KAZ 1/2015. State reply: 22/05/2015. Alleged arbitrary arrest and detention of an environmental civil society activist. 501. JUA 31/08/2015. Case no. KAZ 2/2015. State reply: 12/10/2015. Alleged repeated arrest and detention of a lawyer and human rights defender for his role in convening a peaceful assembly and denouncing corruption cases. 502. JAL 06/10/2015. Case no. KAZ 3/2015. State reply: 26/10/2015. Allegations of potential human rights violations as a result of a draft law relating to the activities of nongovernmental organizations which, if adopted with no further changes, may seriously compromise the independence and existence of civil society organizations in Kazakhstan. 503. JAL 15/10/2015. Case no. KAZ 4/2015. State reply: 26/10/2015. Allegations of the imminent adoption of draft law on non-governmental organizations that may result in violations to freedom of association and freedom of expression. 504. PR 01/09/2015. “UN expert raises alarm as Kazakhstan jails twice a rights defender for convening a peaceful assembly” 505. PR 15/10/2015. “New draft law threatens the independence and existence of NGOs in Kazakhstan, warns UN rights expert” Observations Responses to communications 506. The Special Rapporteur thanks the Government of Kazakhstan for responding to all the communications sent during this reporting period. 507. In connection with the case of the human rights defender, Mr. Saken Baikenov, the Special Rapporteur acknowledges receipt of the Government’s detailed response of 22 May 2015 (KAZ 1/2015). However, the Special Rapporteur remains concerned about arrest, detention and charges against Mr. Baikenov are in retaliation for his human rights work and the exercise of his rights to freedom of association and expression. 508. Regarding the case of lawyer and human rights defender, Mr. Ermek Narymbaev, the Special Rapporteur acknowledges receipt of the Government’s detailed response of 12 October 2015 (KAZ 2/2015). He reiterates his concern about the repeated arrest and detention of Mr. Narymbaev for his participation in a peaceful rally and the exercise of his rights to freedom of assembly and association and freedom of expression and opinion (PR 01/09/2015). 73