A/HRC/39/73 for detainees is met. This means that detainees must have access to clean drinking water, adequate nutritious food, adequate sanitation, ventilation and adequate health care including psychosocial support, as well as visitation and communication rights with their relatives. More pertinently, no one should be arbitrarily detained or locked up in rooms against their will. 39. The Special Rapporteur repeats her call for the Government to implement the recommendations of the National Conference on Persons in Street Situations held in 2015 and to ensure that drop-in centres are not used as detention centres but offer the necessary care, services and assistance to persons in street situations on a truly voluntary basis. She also recommends that the Government accurately identify each individual, systematically review the legal basis for their detention and work to ensure their release and return to their families and communities, including as well as their participation in social protection and livelihood programmes. E. Drug and substance users with dependency problems 40. In January 2017, the Government commenced the first phase of its campaign against drugs. This programme is now in its second phase. A worrying consequence has been the explosion in the number of people held in prisons, social affairs centres and drug rehabilitation centres. The Government reports that in 2017, 17,795 people (including 1,584 females) were arrested in connection with drug offences: 9,590 (1,118 females) for drug trafficking; 7 (2 females) for drug processing/production; 1 male for substance planting; and 8,197 (464 females) for drug use. Within the first five months of 2018, anti-drug police dealt with 3,192 drug offences and arrested 6,367 people (including 557 females). Of these, fewer than half were sent for treatment; the rest were sent to prison. According to 2017 prison population statistics, among the total population of 28,414 prisoners, 51.7 per cent were detained for drug-related offences. 41. During the reporting year, the Special Rapporteur visited the Chivit Thmey Drug Rehabilitation Centre in Banteay Meanchey, the Prey Speu Centre, Correctional Centres 1 and 2 and the Phnom Penh Capital Prison. The Special Rapporteur observed a very large number of people being detained apparently due to the anti-drug campaign. Overcrowding is such that conditions in many places of detention breach Cambodian and international standards. Adequate food, clean water, sanitary facilities, exercise opportunities, room ventilation and health care are lacking. The system is simply overwhelmed. Given the number of institutional places where drug users may find themselves, the Special Rapporteur once again reminds the Government that if people are held against their will, the facility is de facto a place of detention as defined in the human rights standards accepted by Cambodia and that the families, legal counsels and others who may lend support should be allowed free access to those detained. 42. During the March 2018 mission, the Ministry of Interior informed the Special Rapporteur that the Government was building a rehabilitation centre in Preah Sihanouk Province where 2,000 drug users with dependency issues could be brought for treatment and vocational training and better reintegration services. With rehabilitation as a goal, it is important to ensure that adequate training and education are available, particularly for younger people, to enable successful reintegration into the community. Appropriate training and education should be provided by the Ministry of Labour and Vocational Training and the Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation and providing education opportunities through the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports should be considered. 43. According to a Ministry of Health report of 26 January 2018, there are currently 419 centres offering community-based treatment for drug use and dependence substances. This includes services in two national hospitals and 24 provincial referral hospitals (representing 100 per cent of the Ministry’s target). In addition, 72 district referral hospitals (85 per cent of the Ministry’s target) and 321 commune health centres (27 per cent of the Ministry’s target) provide such services. Basic training in treatment and care services for people with mental health and drug-dependency issues was provided. 9