A/HRC/4/74 page 8 29. The HRBA requires an analysis of the rights-holders and their needs and entitlements and the corresponding duty-bearers and their obligations. This analysis is meant to include an assessment of the causes of the non-realization of rights, and of the capacity of the rights-holders to claim their rights and the duty-bearers to fulfil their obligations. Such an analysis could be extremely helpful to private sector investment. While it may seem obvious that the rights-holders are local residents and the duty-bearer is the State, a company could find itself assuming the role of duty-bearer in areas of weak governance - and indeed, communities must also respect the rights of company employees. Adopting the HRBA could prove helpful for gaining clarity and agreement on respective roles and responsibilities. IV. CURRENT INITIATIVES 30. A number of HRIA tools for private sector projects are currently in development. They all take a different perspective and approach, each of which may prove helpful in a particular type of project or region. 31. The International Business Leaders Forum (IBLF), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the United Nations Global Compact are jointly producing a guide to HRIAs for business. The guide is intended to outline a process by which operational managers can identify human rights implications and challenges, and annotate other relevant sources of information and expertise. The guide is due to be published in March 2007, then tested by companies in different sectors and finalized in 2009.10 32. The Canadian non-governmental organization (NGO) Rights and Democracy is piloting a draft HRIA methodology in five case studies, each in a different country with a different set of critical issues. The methodology comprises a ten-step approach accompanied by a 75-page questionnaire and emphasizes interviews with the Government, the corporation, the workers and the affected community. In contrast to the guide described above, this HRIA is being carried out primarily by local NGOs, although the intent is to create a tool that can be used by any stakeholder. The pilot period is due to end in 2007.11 33. International Alert has produced a publication, Conflict-Sensitive Business Practice: Guidance for Extractive Industries (CSBP), which they are currently piloting in Colombia and elsewhere. Focused on helping companies understand and minimize conflict risk and actively contribute to peace, the guide describes a process designed to promote strong relationships with local and national stakeholders, shared decision-making, good communication, and participatory analysis. CSBP includes risk and impact assessment and screening tools, as well as specific 10 See the International Finance Corporation, http://www.ifc.org/ifcext/enviro.nsf/Content/OurStories_SocialResponsibility_HumanRights. 11 See the Canadian Rights and Democracy Initiative, http://www.dd-rd.ca/hria.