A/HRC/4/95 page 2 Summary The present report has been prepared pursuant to decision 2/102 of the Human Rights Council. It provides an account of the activities in Cambodia of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights from January to mid-December 2006. During the reporting period, the Office continued to monitor the overall human rights situation. It responded to reports of violations of human rights, regularly bringing its concerns to the attention of provincial and national authorities for their intervention and resolution. It gave priority to problems faced by non-governmental organizations (NGOs), groups and individuals defending human rights in the conduct of their work. In the area of legal and judicial reform, the Office continued to advocate for structural reforms of key institutions to guarantee an independent and professional judiciary, and contributed to developing legislation consistent with the international human rights treaties to which Cambodia is party. The Office monitored implementation of the 2001 Land Law, focusing on the granting and impact of economic land and other concessions of Cambodia’s natural resources, with particular regard to Cambodia’s indigenous peoples. The Office cooperated with all three branches of the Government, the United Nations Country Team, and multilateral and bilateral development cooperation agencies, as well as with a broad range of NGOs and other organizations of civil society. Through its education and public information activities, the Office sought to promote greater understanding of international human rights instruments and their domestic implementation, and to foster an enabling environment for human rights work. The present High Commissioner made her first visit to Cambodia in May. During her visit, she focused on the centrality of an independent, professional judiciary in protecting human rights and freedoms, and on the ability of civil society actors to work freely and safely. The Office also facilitated the second mission of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for human rights in Cambodia in March, as well as an unofficial visit of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on human rights defenders in December to participate in activities to commemorate Human Rights Day.