A/HRC/37/39 as transport services that connect the settlements to Israel proper, tourism activities that contribute to the profitability of the settlements, and telecommunication services. Those that are located in the settlements help to perpetuate their existence through the payment of taxes to settlement regional councils and Israeli authorities and the provision of jobs to settlers, and by occupying confiscated land. 47. The involvement of businesses in the settlements extends across all main industries and sectors, including: • The banking industry, which helps to finance construction and infrastructure projects in settlements, provide loans and financial services to settlement councils, and provide mortgage loans to home buyers 30 • The tourism industry, including tour companies, online accommodation and travel booking sites, and rental car companies, all of which help to make the settlements profitable and sustainable31 • The private security industry, which includes companies involved in providing security for companies or residences in settlements, as well as those involved in the checkpoints throughout the West Bank, including East Jerusalem32 • The technology industry, which provides surveillance and identification equipment for use in the settlements, the wall and checkpoints • The construction and demolition industries, including heavy machinery suppliers, which help to facilitate and entrench Israel’s confiscation of Palestinian land for settlements and associated infrastructure 33 • The real estate industry, including companies involved in marketing, renting and selling properties in settlements, which helps settlements to function as viable housing markets, enabling the transfer of Israel’s population 34 • The extractive industry, including mining and quarrying, which contribute financially to the sustainability of settlements through the payment of fees to settlement municipalities and the Israeli Civil Administration 35 • The telecommunications industry, which includes mobile networks and Internet providers servicing settlements • The agricultural industry, which includes companies involved in crop and livestock production, the wine industry and export companies • The transportation industry • The manufacturing industry, which includes companies that use raw materials from occupied territory • Others 30 31 32 33 34 35 See Who Profits, “Financing Land Grab: The Direct Involvement of Israeli Banks in the Israeli Settlement Enterprise”, February 2017, and A/HRC/22/63, para. 97. Owing to the involvement of the banking industry in servicing and supporting the settlements, a number of pension funds in different countries have reportedly withdrawn their investments in Israeli banks; see for example PGGM, “Statement regarding exclusion of Israeli banks”, 8 January 2014; Linda Bloom, “Israeli banks on ineligible list for pension agency”, United Methodist Church, 13 January 2016; and Middle East Monitor, “Danish pension fund excludes four companies for role in Israeli occupation”, 11 October 2017. Who Profits, “Touring Israeli settlements: business and pleasure for the economy of occupation”, flash report, September 2017. Who Profits, Private Security Companies and the Israeli Occupation, Tel Aviv, January 2016. Who Profits, Facts on the Ground: Heavy Engineering Machinery and the Israeli Occupation, Tel Aviv, July 2014. Human Rights Watch, “Occupation, Inc.” (see footnote 27). Ibid. 13