A/HRC/17/39 33. In the 2005 World Summit Outcome,28 world leaders affirmed their commitment to work towards a security consensus based on the recognition that many threats are interlinked, that development, peace, security and human rights are mutually reinforcing, that no State can best protect itself by acting entirely alone and that all States need an effective and efficient collective security system pursuant to the purposes and principles of the Charter. 34. The objective of lasting and just peaceful coexistence can only be achieved by recognizing the human security element of the right to peace. Proposed standards 1. Individuals have the right to human security, including freedom from fear and from want, both being elements of positive peace. This includes the right to an adequate standard of living, including adequate food, water, housing, health care, education and social security. 2. any State.29 All peoples and individuals have the right not to be regarded as enemies by 3. All peoples and individuals have the right to live in an environment that is safe and healthy, including an atmosphere that is free from dangerous interference, and to be protected against any act or threat of physical or psychological violence, whether originating from State or non-State actors. 4. All peoples and individuals have the right to be protected from genocide, war crimes, wars of aggression, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. If Member States are unable to prevent these crimes from occurring within their own borders, they should call on the United Nations to fulfil that responsibility in keeping with the Charter and international law.30 5. All peoples and individuals have the right to demand from their Governments the effective observance of the norms of international law, international human rights law and international humanitarian law.31 6. All peoples and individuals have the right to democratic governance of military and related budgets, to an open debate about national and human security needs and policies, defence and security budgeting, as well as to accountability of decision makers to democratic oversight institutions.32 D. Resistance to oppression 35. The preamble to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognizes that, “whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to 28 29 30 31 32 General Assembly resolution 60/1, para. 72. Santiago Declaration on the Human Right to Peace, adopted by the International Congress on the Human Right to Peace, adopted on 10 December 2010 at the World Social Forum on Peace Education, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, art. 5, para. 1. General Assembly resolution 60/1, paras. 138-139. See Santiago Declaration, art. 3 para. 3. Since the 1990s, the Security Council has often expressed the need for a reform of the security sector, including gender issues, in its resolutions. See for example “Security Council urges security sector reform ahead of Central African polls”, press release, 21 December 2009, and Council resolutions 1509 (2003), 1833 (2008), 1902 (2009) and 1906 (2009). 9