A/HRC/RES/32/3 7. Also urges States that have not yet done so to consider ratifying or acceding to, as a matter of priority, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, taking into consideration the central role of those instruments in the fight against trafficking in persons, and urges States parties to those instruments to implement them fully and effectively; 8. Further urges States, the United Nations and other international, regional and subregional organizations, as well as civil society, including non-governmental organizations, the private sector and the media, to implement fully and effectively the relevant provisions of the United Nations Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons and to carry out the activities outlined therein; 9. Calls upon Governments to intensify their efforts to address, with a view to eliminating, the demand that fosters the trafficking of women and children for all forms of exploitation, and in this regard to put in place or to enhance preventive measures, including legislative and punitive measures, to deter exploiters of trafficked persons, and to ensure their accountability; 10. Also calls upon Governments, the international community and all other organizations and entities that deal with conflict, post-conflict, disaster and other emergency situations to address the heightened vulnerability of women and children to trafficking and exploitation and associated gender-based violence, and to include the prevention of the trafficking of affected women and children in all such national, regional and international initiatives; 11. Urges Governments to devise, enforce and strengthen effective gender- and age-sensitive measures to combat and eliminate all forms of trafficking in women and children, including for sexual and economic exploitation, as part of a comprehensive antitrafficking strategy that integrates a human rights perspective, and to draw up, as appropriate, national action plans in this regard; 12. Also urges Governments to ensure that the prevention of and responses to trafficking in persons continue to take into account the specific needs of women and girls and their participation in and contribution to all phases of preventing and responding to trafficking, especially in addressing specific forms of exploitation, such as sexual exploitation; 13. Calls upon all Governments to criminalize all forms of trafficking in persons, and to bring to justice and punish the offenders and intermediaries involved in trafficking in persons; 14. Urges Governments, in accordance with their respective legal systems, to take all appropriate measures, including through policies and legislation, to ensure that victims of trafficking are protected from prosecution or punishment for acts that they have been compelled to commit as a direct consequence of having been trafficked, and that the victims do not suffer from revictimization as a result of actions taken by government authorities, and encourages Governments to prevent, within their legal frameworks and in accordance with national policies, victims of trafficking in persons from being prosecuted or punished as a direct consequence of their illegal entry or residence; 15. Invites States and other interested parties to make further voluntary contributions to the United Nations Voluntary Trust Fund on Contemporary Forms of Slavery and the United Nations Voluntary Trust Fund for Victims of Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children; 5