A/HRC/45/CRP.7 approximately US$400 in 2015, but was now worth only about US$121. In parallel, according to the World Bank, in April 2020, the Houthis announced the payment of “halfmonth” salaries to all public employees in the north.191 This situation of irregular payment or non-payment of salaries worsens an already destabilised economy and leaves people in Yemen extremely vulnerable to any price increases.192 146. Many Yemeni people interviewed by the Group noted that even when food, water, medicine and fuel are available, they are prohibitively expensive. The restrictions since 2015 on imports and access to Al-Hudaydah port have contributed to a man-made fuel crisis and to the rise of prices against the backdrop of currency depreciation. The port controls meant that for several years almost the only import coming in through Al-Hudaydah port was fuel, and even in this case, it was often delayed, possibly due to corruption and the intention to inflate fuel prices.193 All fuel shipments destined for Houthi-controlled Hudaydah port must pass through the United Nations Verification and Inspection Mechanism (UNVIM) and then through the port and anchoring process before the fuel can be purchased and used in Yemen, all of which contributes to an increase in fuel prices in Yemen.194 There were only a few reported exceptions in which, for example, WFP, UNICEF, and medical aid agencies were able to get goods through Al-Hudaydah.195 Legal findings 147. The Group of Experts concludes that actions and omissions by the Government of Yemen and the de facto authorities are violating the right to an adequate standard of living, particularly with respect to adequate food and water. Their failures in these areas also adversely impact on the enjoyment of other rights, such as the right to health. The Group concludes that the Houthis have interfered with humanitarian aid in violation of their international obligations under both international human rights law and international humanitarian law. Wilfully impeding relief supplies is part of the war crime of the use of starvation as a method of war recognised under customary international law. The Group further concludes that all parties to the conflict have impeded humanitarian operations and the population’s access to food and healthcare. The Group considers that the dire humanitarian situation in Yemen could be substantially mitigated if parties to the conflict began to respect and comply with their obligations under international law. D. Arbitrary detention, torture and other forms of ill-treatment, and enforced disappearances 1. Introduction 148. The Group of Experts continued to investigate cases of arbitrary detention, torture including sexual violence, and other forms of ill-treatment, and enforced disappearances, committed by parties to the conflict, building upon the previous work of the Group. Some violations falling within these categories are also dealt with in other sections of this Report. This section should thus be read in conjunction with those portions of this report dealing with gender-based violence, including sexual violence (paras. 182 and ff), the treatment of specific groups, including migrants, minorities, journalists and human rights defenders (paras. 296 and ff) and administration of justice (paras 384 and ff). 2. Applicable law 149. Under international human rights law, everyone has the right to liberty and security of the person. “Arbitrary detention” is prohibited, and no one is to be deprived of liberty 191 World Bank, Yemen Monthly Economic Update, April 2020, available at: http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/609141590055031061/Yemen-Monthly-Economic-Update-April2020-eng.pdf 192 Confidential source on file. 193 Confidential sources and documents on file. 194 Confidential source on file., and: https://sanaacenter.org/publications/main-publications/10093#_Toc40179965 195 Confidential sources on file. 42