A/HRC/18/25 smuggling would be beneficial. Furthermore, Canada referred to the G8 Lyon Roma DNA Search Request Working Group, which was tasked with identifying barriers for forensic DNA information exchange and developing a more effective sharing process. In addition, Canada is currently chairing Justice Rapid Response, an intergovernmental entity that is able to rapidly deploy to active duty criminal justice experts, many of whom are forensic scientists, and which offers a training programme for forensic scientists. 23. The Government of Colombia explained that, in 2009, the National Council on Economic and Social Policy approved a document on the consolidation of mechanisms for the search and identification of disappeared persons in Colombia, and the return of victims’ remains to their families, which provides for short-, medium- and long-term interventions to be taken by the State. Obstacles hindering the determination of the fate of disappeared persons and clarification of cases of disappeared persons will be addressed through these interventions. In 2010, legislation to create a centralized genetic databank for genetic profiles obtained from the remains of disappeared persons and biological reference samples obtained from families of disappeared persons came into force. Biological reference samples must be provided voluntarily by the family member and on the basis of informed consent. Any genetic material obtained must be managed in accordance with international standards. An inter-institutional working group, established through the work of the Commission for the Search for Disappeared Persons, has developed a proposal for the implementation of this legislation. 24. Furthermore, Colombia referred to the work of the National Institute of Legal, Medical and Forensic Science, which investigates deaths relating to gross violations of human rights law and serious violations of international humanitarian law, including through exhumations and identification of victims. It also noted the Plan for Research on the Crime of Forced Disappearance (March 2011), developed by the Prosecutor’s Office, the Commission for the Search for Disappeared Persons, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, OHCHR and the British Embassy in Colombia. The Plan contains international best practice and is intended as a guide that will improve criminal investigations of enforced disappearances. 25. The Government of Finland noted that it has been at the forefront of developing the application of forensic genetics to the identification of victims in post-conflict situations, and it continues to support the objectives of Human Rights Council resolution 15/5. In Finland, the Act on Inquest into the Cause of Death (459/1973) and the Act on the Medical Use of Human Organs and Tissues (101/2001) pertain to the use of forensic genetics. In accordance with this legislation, tissue samples are collected when establishing cause of death and are stored by forensic doctors working with the National Institute for Health and Welfare and departments of forensic science in universities. A bill on the establishment of genetic databanks is before Parliament. If approved, genetic databanks will be established for medical research purposes. As such, they will not be used for identifying victims. However, the bill also proposes amendments to the Act on the Medical Use of Human Organs and Tissues to allow for the use of collected samples for identification purposes in situations of, for example, major natural disasters. 26. The Government of Guatemala noted that one of the recommendations of the Commission for Historical Clarification (CEH) in its 1999 report, “Memory of Silence,” was the development of a policy for exhumations of the remains of victims of the armed conflict, particularly from clandestine and hidden cemeteries, noting that exhumation is an act of justice and reparation, and an important step towards reconciliation. It described various entities that have been created to implement the recommendations of CEH and the peace agreements, namely the National Compensation Programme (PNR), National Institute of Forensic Science (INACIF), and the unit for special cases from the armed conflict in the Public Ministry. INACIF was created in 2006 to carry out forensic research 10