A/HRC/22/35 of up to 12 hours per day18 and limited access to clean water.19 An estimated 75 per cent of Gaza’s waste water remains untreated, and 90 million litres of Gaza’s raw sewage is pumped into the Mediterranean daily. 20 In sum, the blockade of Gaza has a significant negative impact on the enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights in Gaza. 3. Excessive use of force in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem 23. The use of force by Israeli Security Forces (ISF), including IDF and the Israeli Border Police, led to seven Palestinian deaths and 3,036 injuries in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Many of these instances raised concerns regarding the excessive use of force by ISF.21 24. OHCHR received several reports of excessive force being used by ISF in East Jerusalem. On 5 October 2012, at around 1 p.m., the Israeli Border Police engaged with Palestinians in the Al-Aqsa compound. Eyewitnesses reported that Border Police fired stun grenades at Palestinians in various locations of the compound, and in surrounding narrow streets, including near Bab el-Selsela where 16-year-old Hassan Afif Afifi and his family live. A dozen Border Police randomly engaged with Palestinians, including Mr. Afifi’s parents. The victim came to assist his parents, who were both on the ground. Mr. Afifi was reportedly grabbed by at least three Border Police, who punched and kicked him all over his body, including in his genitals, before dragging him into the Al-Aqsa compound. There they reportedly beat him for almost 60 minutes before taking him to a police station and then, due to his injuries, a hospital. The family filed a complaint but had not yet received any information from Israeli authorities regarding an investigation as of the finalization of the present report. 25. On 6 October 2012, at around 12.30 p.m., 32-year-old Hani Mohammad Abul Hawa witnessed an altercation between Palestinian teenagers and Border Police in the neighbourhood of Mount of Olives. Mr. Abul Hawa saw a Border Police officer violently grab a young boy. He intervened and asked the officer to release the boy. At least four Border Police approached Mr. Abul Hawa and punched him all over his body, wrestled him to the ground and dragged him, before violently pushing him into a police vehicle. Three Border Police entered the back of the vehicle and continued to beat Mr. Abul Hawa, including by punching him in the face. One officer hit him on his head with the butt of a rifle, leading him to bleed profusely. This officer also repeatedly stepped on the victim’s hand with her boots, causing a fracture to his hand. Mr. Abul Hawa was taken to a hospital at around 2 p.m., where he alleges the three Border Police continued to beat him. Mr. Abul Hawa was checked into the emergency room while handcuffed and with his feet shackled. He filed a complaint a few days after the incident, but had not yet received any information from Israeli authorities regarding an investigation as of the submission of the present report. 26. On 8 March 2012, at approximately 3 p.m., IDF entered Yatta to carry out an arrest. Some Palestinian youths gathered. The situation remained calm, until one youth stabbed a soldier with a box cutter. The youths immediately fled. The injured soldier opened fire, injuring his assailant, who was about 5 metres away. About 30 seconds later the soldier again opened fire. Sixteen-year-old Zakaria Jamal Mohammad Abu Arram, who was standing at a distance of 45 metres from the soldier, was shot in the face and killed. A 18 19 20 21 8 OCHA, Protection of Civilians Weekly Report, 24-30 October 2012, p. 3, www.ochaopt.org/documents/ocha_opt_protection_of_civilians_weekly_report_2012_11_02_english. pdf. UNCT, Gaza in 2020, p. 11. Ibid., p. 12. Statistics provided by OCHA.