A/HRC/42/43 reduction in the risk of violence, exploitation and abuse of older persons. It requires the development of tools able to recognize and identify risk factors in the population of older persons affected by a crisis, ensuring that contact and communications between older persons and their social support network are established and maintained, and that shelters are managed in an age-sensitive manner. This includes more proactive measures to ensure in particular that older persons without family or any reference person are protected and their needs are actively evaluated, and also to ensure that older persons are not accommodated with people that may present any sort of risk to them in the shelter context. 95. Furthermore, the Independent Expert emphasizes the importance of improving access to referral pathways and including older persons in all sectoral dimensions of work, in order to prevent, mitigate and respond to sexual and gender-based violence. She stresses the need to raise awareness among humanitarian actors of the protection and socioeconomic risks that older men and women specifically face and to improve accessibility of reporting mechanisms for individuals with hearing, visual or cognitive impairments, and for those who use local or minority languages or are at a heightened risk of neglect, abuse or isolation. 96. Planned relocation requires national legal frameworks to protect the rights of older persons who are affected, and should be accompanied by well-designed institutional arrangements that set forth the respective roles and responsibilities of central and local governments, drawing upon existing standards, guidelines and best practices, such as the Operational Guidelines on the Protection of Persons in Situations of Natural Disasters of the Inter-Agency Standing Committee, the Peninsula Principles on Climate Displacement within States and the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement. 97. The Independent Expert also recommends the strengthening of preparedness of older persons at the community level, including awareness of evacuation plans and other emergency plans, and the mapping of the locations of older persons. 98. The Independent Expert calls upon States and humanitarian actors to ensure non-discrimination in livelihood programming, providing choice and options for older persons who wish to work. Such a step includes enabling the participation of older persons in the design of livelihood programming, recognizing their skills, including as trainers and mentors, and adapting programming to improve accessibility for older persons with disabilities. 99. The Independent Expert also highlights the importance of ensuring that the needs of older persons are accurately reflected in health programming in the humanitarian response, such as by improving access to assistive technology and noncommunicable disease care and ensuring non-discriminatory access to nutrition programmes, mental health and psychosocial support, and measures to prevent and treat communicable diseases. The Independent Expert stresses the need for regular and repeated mental health screenings, particularly in facilities accommodating displaced older persons, in order to identify and treat common conditions, such as depression and the early stages of dementia. Moreover, it is imperative to reach out to older persons, including through mobile services, to ensure access to more isolated older persons or those with limited mobility. Parcels distributed to older persons during the response phase should be customized to contain items specifically addressing their needs, such as visual and hearing aids, mobility aids, medicine for the treatment of common chronic diseases, adequate food and adult nappies. In addition, such kits may include blankets, thermal patches, cold packs, thermometers, activated charcoal, sterile eyewash, explanations of dosage of medications, and emergency contacts and telephone numbers, including of their closest family members, physicians or pharmacists. 100. The Independent Expert stresses the need to foster partnerships among multisector stakeholders, such as local authorities, public health professionals, architects, housing providers, community organizations, universities, the private sector and older persons themselves. Such partnerships should be developed prior to 16