A/HRC/45/CRP.3 10,000 SSP.211 A cup of tea in the local market used to cost 3 SSP, and now costs 60 SSP.212 When available, the prices of other basic commodities such as oil, rice, and sorghum have also increased.213 50 kilograms of sorghum now costs 15,000 SSP.214 Beyond vital foodstuffs, one head of cattle cost 1,000 SSP in 2014, and has now skyrocketed to 80,000 SSP a head.215 109. Due to the unlawful restrictions placed by Government forces on food and supplies, civilians in Akobo described having to rely on food delivered from Ethiopia, though it regularly arrives with three to four-month delays216 given the use of boats. Bags of sorghum, for example, are delivered via boat and enter Akobo through the Ethiopian corridor. One international non-governmental organisation supplies food from Djibouti, which is first flown to Ethiopia and then arrives in Akobo via the Sobat River.217 Other locations in Jonglei State have received food in a more timely manner as a result of the use of humanitarian airdrops, including in Kaikwai and the areas up to Uror and Nyirol Counties.218 When food is airdropped in Government-controlled areas, however, civilians from opposition-held areas in Jonglei State have been killed by Government forces when they attempted to access it.219 At the time of writing (August 2020), most households in Akobo have resorted to consuming only one meal per day.220 110. Beyond access restrictions, numerous civilians described to the Commission how residents in Akobo County stopped cultivating their land due to insecurity and fear of conflict.221 As one man noted, “There is no food at all because of fear to cultivate. People are displaced and have no place to do so. They are depending only on humanitarian aid. Besides, the Government does not accept food to come to [opposition] controlled areas”.222 111. Acute food insecurity throughout Akobo County has created thousands of refugees and persons internally displaced, many who had fled to the protection of civilians site in Bor operated by UNMISS, which currently hosts over 1,920 displaced persons (Annex VII). Civilians internally displaced explained to the Commission how acute food insecurity and insecurity due to conflict are preventing them from returning to their homes.223 One man noted that, “We are concerned that if this peace does not hold, the Government will work hard to capture Akobo again”.224 112. Furthermore, given unusually high levels of flooding in Jonglei State (Annex V), numerous humanitarian projects were put on hold.225 Flooding has also caused the death of numerous cattle, destroyed crops,226 and driven displacement. Numerous other civilians have fled from Akobo to refugee camps in Ethiopia due to conflict227 and food ERN 103371 – 103376, para. 6. ERN 103701 – 103714, para. 33. 213 ERN 103371 – 103376, para. 6. 214 ERN 103566 – 103570, para. 7. 215 ERN 103371 – 103376, para. 6. 216 ERN 103445 – 103448, para. 18. 217 ERN 103566 – 103570, para. 8. 218 ERN 103555 – 103559, para. 11. 219 ERN 103332 – 103335, para. 10. 220 ERN 103566 – 103570, para. 7. 221 ERN 103445 – 103448, para. 17. 222 ERN 102944 – 102949, para. 18. 223 See, e.g., ERN 103328 – 103331, para. 8. 224 ERN 103413 – 103419, para. 5. 225 ERN 103413 – 103419, para. 16. 226 ERN 103445 – 103448, para. 18. 227 ERN 103701 – 103714, para. 34. 211 212 28