A/HRC/45/CRP.11 and 203 (until 1 August)1787 only in Caracas by police forces in the exercise of their duties. In Zulia state, the human rights organization CODHEZ documented 657 deaths attributable to state security forces in 2019 alone and only in Zulia. This was based on a review of incidents reported by the press.1788 1013. According to information from 2016 (the only official data that is publicly available), the numbers of killings committed by State security forces outweigh the number of State security officers killed each year. In 2016, for example, the Public Prosecutor’s Office documented 325 police or military officers killed compared to 4,667 deaths by security forces.1789 It is unclear how many of these officers were killed while on duty. 1014. The Mission requested information from the Government on the progress of investigations into killings by State security forces. 1790 As at the writing of this report, it is had not received a response. The Mission only has information about one investigation carried out by the Public Prosecutor’s Office into 43 OLP/OLHPs, involving 1,074 security officers1791 and the investigation in the Barlovento case, detailed below. However, there is little information available regarding how these investigations have advanced since the change of the Attorney General in 2017. C. State Security Policies 1015. As noted above in Chapter II on the Security Framework, since 2014, the Government has implemented a range of policies to address insecurity in the country. Some specific plans adopted include Plan Patria Segura, Plan Zamora, Peace Zones, Peace Quadrants, Protection for Peace Systems (SP3) and Plan Carabobo 2021 with its strategic lines of action.1792 These security policies announced various measures involving prevention, diversion and deterrence programmes, community-based surveillance and informants, crime hot spots patrolling and policing, and the use of smart technology to track and target crime. Some policies provided for military involvement in civilian policing (Plan Patria Segura, Plan Zamora, Plan Carabobo 2021).1793 1016. The Mission’s review of State plans, policies and discourse regarding security reveals a consistent reference to threats to destabilize the Government and “threats to the internal order”. Executive orders adopted since 2016 declaring states of economic exception and emergency referred to links between political actors and armed groups funded by foreign interests “with the aim of generating problems of public order in Venezuela”.1794 These executive orders permitted the President to design and implement public security activities “against destabilizing plans that threaten the peace of the nation”.1795 In Plan Zamora, organized crime and criminals were included in the lists of internal (civilian) enemies of the 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 https://miconvive.com/project/monitor-de-victimas/ http://www.codhez.ong/dataadmn/images/publicacion/informe/Boletn_-_Diciembre_2019.pdf. See Annual Report of the Public Prosecutor’s Office 2016, p. 12, available at: https://lortegadiaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/INFORME-ANUAL-2016_web.pdf. Letter of 14 May 2020. Complaint by ex-Attorney General, Luisa Ortega Díaz, to the International Criminal Court, 16 November 2017, p. 35. The strategic lines of action under the Plan Carabobo 2021 include (1) the presence of all police patrols on the streets, in coordination with the FANB, the REDI and the ZODI, in accordance with the “reactivation of Patria Segura”; (2) the installation of patrols in designated “peace quadrants”, which was described as the “heart” of the plan; (3) the strengthening of the System of Protection for Peace; (4) the reformulation of the Operations of People’s Liberation (OLP), into the Operations for People’s Humane Liberation (OLHP); and (5) the development of a communication strategy to describe to the population the nature of these criminal organizations. Luigino Bracci Roa, Cadena completa: Nicolás Maduro activa seis líneas para combatir la inseguridad, 18 January 2017, minute 20:30, available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ZIia4O6X60. See section on the Security Context, above, for a description of these plans anand policies. Decree No. 2323 of 13 May 2016, Parte Considerando, available at: https://pandectasdigital.blogspot.com/2016/05/decreto-n-2323-de-fecha-13-de-mayo-de.html. Ibid., art. 16. 199