A/HRC/44/39/Add.1 schools for non-Qataris and in community schools has allowed for the exponential growth of the for-profit private sector, not always in line with the aspirations of parents and learners. A better balance needs to be struck. 109. The Special Rapporteur recommends that: (a) The Government increase its support for the establishment of community schools, including for those communities that do not yet operate such schools. Community schools should be supported to establish new branches and/or operate afternoon shifts, or entirely new community schools should be created to respond to the demand of parents and learners; (b) More places be made available in public schools for those wishing to attend. The Government may consider, in cooperation with all stakeholders, community schools becoming part of the public sector of education in Qatar, while still ensuring a high degree of autonomy for these schools. The Special Rapporteur underlines in this regard principles 2 and 3 of the Abidjan Principles on the definition of the public sector of education; (c) Adequate funding of the public sector always remain the priority. Taking note of the educational voucher programme, the Special Rapporteur draws the attention of the Government to the substantive and procedural requirements set out in principles 64 to 74 of the Abidjan Principles regarding the funding of private educational institutions, whether direct or indirect; (d) The Government ensure that migrant workers on low wages have access to literacy and vocational training programmes during working hours, not only to increase their competencies relevant to their current posts, but also as part of a mobility and upskilling scheme. The Government should consider requiring private companies to offer such programmes. Accessibility 110. One major concern is that education is not free of charge for a high proportion of children residing in Qatar, particularly non-Qatari children, in contravention of international human rights law. 111. The Special Rapporteur welcomes the fact that Qatar has already taken a number of steps to remedy this. She encourages the Government to finalize the study on free access to education that is currently under way, and to continue reflecting on possible modalities of payment by private companies of the tuition fees of their employees. 112. Impressed by the significant measures adopted by the authorities to provide free education to disadvantaged children through the establishment of Ihsaan charity schools, the Special Rapporteur invites the Government to quickly find a solution to provide free lunches to children attending these schools. It is also very important to raise awareness among the families of these children about the importance of education and to offer them literacy programmes. 113. Beyond such ad hoc and focused measures, the Special Rapporteur encourages the Government to adopt a longer-term vision, based on the right to free public education. The Government should: (a) Take all necessary measures to implement article 14 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and adopt a detailed plan of measures to achieve progressively the full application of the principle of compulsory and free primary education for all, including non-Qataris. The principle of free access should be progressively but rapidly extended to the secondary level of education; (b) Understand the principle of free education as covering not only school fees, but also so-called hidden costs such as transportation, books and stationery, uniforms, exam entrance fees and invigilation fees; 18

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