A/HRC/43/44/Add.1
interest among potential students in applying to attend it. However, this has changed
dramatically and 1,350 students enrolled in the 2019 academic year.
58.
Access to extension services should be improved, in particular programmes that are
designed for women and young farmers to make farming attractive to such persons. In
addition, farmer-to-farmer training programmes, environmentally sustainable traditional
methods and alternative livelihood programmes must be made more widely available.
59.
In general, the level and quality of the skills and knowledge of the workforce in
Azerbaijan is not sufficient. It will be necessary to prioritize the development of human
capital to ensure a competitive workforce. The development concept “Azerbaijan 2020:
Look into the future” highlights the importance of investing in human capital,21 but there is
a need to invest more, in particular in high-quality education. Only 3 per cent of the 2019
State budget is allocated to education. 22 There is a need to prioritize human capital
investment through education and training, which would deliver a significant improvement
not only in the agricultural sector but also in all other areas.
V. Nutrition
60.
Azerbaijan has ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which stipulates
children’s right to food. Article 24 states that parties should take appropriate steps to
combat disease and malnutrition through, inter alia, the application of readily available
technology and the provision of adequate nutritious food and clean drinking water. Article
27 of the Convention also stipulates an obligation on States to provide material assistance
and support programmes, particularly with regard to nutrition, clothing and housing in case
of need.
61.
As mentioned above, Azerbaijan has no difficulties regarding the availability of food
and is almost self-reliant in major staple foods. Some food items are imported but this does
not create any significant problem in terms of food availability. Moreover, the recent
decision of the Government to support the agricultural sector is helpful, not only in
diversifying the economy but also ensuring self-sufficiency, considering that the country
still faces an ongoing conflict.
62.
However, food diversification is a problem. The middle-class population eats a lot of
red meat, chicken, rice and bread; in particular, children do not eat enough fruit and
vegetables. They do not receive nutrition education and parents do not contribute to
establishing healthy eating habits. Even though there are no alarming overweight and
obesity problems, there are some early signs of emerging problems of overeating and
unhealthy food.
63.
The Government needs to develop national dietary guidelines to help all
Azerbaijanis choose healthy and culturally acceptable nutritious food and understand that
food and nutrition play a crucial role in a healthy life style, the protection of future
generations and chronic disease prevention. Social workers are essential to solving nutrition
problems.
64.
The Government should provide a regulatory framework to control the private
sector, especially producers of sugary drinks and food that contains excessive amounts of
fat, sugar and salt. Unhealthy food advertisements should be banned from the media and
from school canteens.
21
22
Available at https://president.az/files/future_en.pdf.
See World Bank, education statistics, 2018, available from
http://datatopics.worldbank.org/education/country/Azerbaijan.
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