A/HRC/6/15 page 9 (e) Self-sustaining: it should lay the foundations for a gradual long-term improvement in living standards for all members of the community; (f) Sustainable and protective of environmental balance; (g) Culturally appropriate in order to facilitate the human and cultural development of the persons involved; (h) Self-managed: resources (economic, technical, institutional, political) should be managed by those concerned, using their own tried and tested forms of organization and participation; (i) Democratic: it should be supported by a democratic State that is committed to its population’s well-being, respects multiculturality and has the political will to protect and promote the human rights of all its citizens, especially those of indigenous peoples; (j) Accountable: the actors responsible for development must be able to render a clear account of their performance to the community and society in general. B. Duty bearers: States, multilateral agencies and other actors 19. A logical corollary to the rights-based approach to indigenous development is that the State has an obligation to implement a minimum set of public policies aimed at respecting, protecting, guaranteeing and promoting the rights of indigenous peoples, beginning with steps to improve their living conditions. This not only requires a change in the development discourse but also a transformation of public institutions and international cooperation. Alongside States, bilateral and multilateral donors, international agencies and in some circumstances private enterprises are also key players in human rights-based development and hence also duty bearers in respect of policies and programmes on behalf of indigenous peoples. 20. The Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues has promoted the rights-based approach to indigenous peoples’ development adopted in UNDP activities and applied by ILO in the light of Convention No. 169 and by UNICEF in implementing article 45 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. 21. An analysis of 27 development cooperation agencies undertaken by the Forest Peoples Programme in 2003 concluded that only eight agencies had a specific policy of collaborating with indigenous peoples. Since then some of these policies have been updated, including the revision of the Strategy for Danish Support to Indigenous People of the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), the recent launching by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) of the Development Cooperation with Indigenous Peoples in Latin America and the Caribbean strategy and the adoption by Spain of the Spanish Strategy for Cooperation with Indigenous Peoples in conjunction with its ratification of ILO Convention No. 169 as a framework for cooperation activities with indigenous peoples. These policies include recognition of basic rights of indigenous peoples set out in the Declaration, such as self-identification, recognition of the relationship between indigenous peoples and their lands and territories, the right to establish and implement their own models of