A/HRC/45/32 99. Children suffer the harmful effects of the many human rights violations that have been committed since 2015. The country’s economic system is underpinned by corruption and misappropriation of public funds, including funding from international development assistance, to the benefit of high-ranking persons in the Government and administration who have thus enriched themselves illegally. Such practices are not isolated cases, but the result of a system based on a patrimonial concept of power, and they are directly linked to the human rights violations committed since 2015. 100. The main risk factors, particularly those with a structural dimension, are still present. They can only disappear if the new authorities take concrete action. 101. In view of the historical depth of the Burundian crisis and the partly structural dimension of human rights violations, and taking into account the principle of the responsibility to protect the people of Burundi, including in the context of the political transition under way in the country, as well as the measures likely to mitigate risk factors, the Commission first reiterates its previous recommendations. 32 Those recommendations remain entirely valid and relevant, particularly those addressed to the Burundian authorities concerning measures to be given priority in order to put an end to human rights violations and international crimes, to combat impunity and to improve the human rights situation in the country, including the reopening of the democratic space and the protection of civil liberties. Its recommendations for longerterm measures relating to the review of the legal framework and the reform of the judiciary remain crucial. 102. The Commission also makes the following recommendations to the Burundian authorities: (a) To reopen the country office of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; (b) To immediately release human rights defenders and journalists who have been arbitrarily detained, as well as all political prisoners, including those from opposition parties arrested and detained in the context of the 2020 elections; (c) To guarantee the safety, freedom and physical integrity of members of opposition parties, including the Congrès national pour la liberté, and to ensure that they are not subjected to intimidation, harassment or any form of discrimination as a reprisal for their political activities; (d) To restore all civil liberties to enable future elections to be free, credible and transparent; (e) To stop the Imbonerakure from usurping the functions of the security forces and the judiciary and to prosecute and punish, as an example, those who have been involved in violations, or alternatively to dissolve the Imbonerakure; (f) To reform the Joint Human Security Committees to make them more inclusive and to limit the scope of their competence; (g) To fulfil the specific obligations of the authorities with regard to women’s rights and the rights of the child; (h) To put an end to the recruitment of children by the Imbonerakure and to disband the CNDD-FDD party’s “Little Eagles”; (i) To establish psychosocial care services for child victims and witnesses of serious human rights violations, particularly among returnees; (j) To ensure access to justice and appropriate medical and psychosocial services for victims of sexual violence, including male victims; 32 18 (k) To establish a 30 per cent quota for women on hill district councils; (l) To resume full cooperation with the World Health Organization; See annex III. GE.20-10689