A/HRC/42/58 (c) There is a significant fragmentation in how regions are seeking to address cybercrime; (d) The following elements were raised: (i) Address online hate crimes, in particular racist and xenophobic crimes; (ii) Prosecute individuals, politicians, political parties, movements and groups who spread supremacist rhetoric, incite racist, religious and xenophobic hate speech, and incite hate crimes and violence, including online; (iii) Penalize technological companies that fail to assess and take down hate speech, racist and xenophobic content on their platforms according to national legislation, including through an international regulatory framework; (iv) Align existing laws with regard to crimes committed offline to apply to online crimes to ensure that the same rights that people have offline are also protected online; (v) Where they exist, diversify the cultural composition of Internet scrutiny boards in order to simplify the burden of proof on victims; (vi) Promote racial literacy and awareness and resilience in the information and communication technology sector. (e) It was acknowledged that the exercise of the right to freedom of expression carries with it special duties and responsibilities, among which the obligation not to disseminate racist ideas is of particular importance, and that freedom of expression shall only be subject to certain restrictions that are provided by law and are necessary for respect for the rights or reputations of others, including the principles of equality and nondiscrimination; (f) The Committee recognizes the positive contribution that the exercise of the right to freedom of expression, particularly by the media and new technologies, including the Internet, and full respect for the freedom to seek, receive and impart information can make to the fight against racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. 107. Comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation (agenda item 6): States are urged to: (a) Promulgate comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation in order to ensure a holistic and integrated approach for the effective protection of victims of discrimination; (b) Ensure the implementation of human rights norms and obligations as regards discrimination and equality, including the enactment of laws and the formulation of policies in the fields of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights and the right to development; (c) Prohibit discrimination and incitement to discrimination in all spheres of public life whether by State or non-State actors; (d) Promote measures to deter the emergence of and to counter neo-fascist, violent nationalist ideologies which promote hatred and discrimination, as well as racist and xenophobic sentiments, including measures to combat the negative influence of such ideologies, especially on young people, through formal and non-formal education, the media and sport; (e) Incorporate specialized bodies which would be empowered to assist victims and to promote a culture of equal rights; (f) Develop a national plan of action with measures to implement the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, including developing enabling legislation and preventive measures to enforce the Convention in the domestic legal order. 17