A/HRC/35/24/Add.1
Rapporteur visited the Girasol public nursery school in Antofagasta and witnessed the
sound structure of the building, the recreational areas and the classrooms for all children,
and the fact that there were specialized teachers to take care of children with special needs.
B.
Realization of the right to quality education
63.
The poor quality of public education continues to result in high levels of segregation
and discrimination along socioeconomic lines. Chile needs to take all measures necessary to
eliminate the sharp disparities in quality of education that currently exist between private,
subsidized and public schools and to ensure that all schools have adequate infrastructure
and suitably trained teaching staff (see E/C.12/CHL/CO/4, para. 30 (b)).
64.
Privatization in education has thrived on false propaganda, leading to the belief that
for-profit private education is of better quality than public education. The findings of the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development have dispelled such
misconceptions. Despite their claims, some private schools have poor buildings and the use
of short-term contracts and young lower-cost teachers damages the teaching
profession. Such schools are not a model for a modern country like Chile.
65.
The Special Rapporteur recognizes the importance of the bill on the national public
education system, which seems promising in terms of the provision of quality education to
enable students to access learning opportunities for comprehensive development.
66.
The Government has taken a series of institutional measures in order to implement
Act No. 20.529 of 2011 establishing the national system to ensure the quality of and to
supervise preschool, basic and intermediate education, and some provisions of the 2009
General Education Act. They include the creation of the National Education Council to
assess preschool, primary and secondary school curricula; the establishment of the Quality
Education Agency to assess students’ learning achievements and evaluate schools’ results
by conducting investigations and publishing reports on themes such as the relationship
between the socioeconomic status of the family, or students’ gender, and academic success;
and the establishment of the Office of the Superintendent of Education to ensure that
schools have the necessary elements to guarantee quality education, as provided by the
law.14
67.
The Special Rapporteur was briefed about the system to ensure the quality of
education. 15 It evaluates the education system on subjects such as language and
communication (comprehension in reading and writing), mathematics, natural sciences,
history, geography and social science. The Government is currently redesigning evaluations
to better reflect the principles embedded in the education reform such as creativity, social
inclusion, problem-solving and teamwork. The Special Rapporteur also learned that, in
order to improve the quality of public education, a strategic school infrastructure plan has
been put in place; an action plan was designed in 2015 for the system to ensure the quality
of education and equity at all levels; and a new national assessment plan for 2016-2020 was
approved as part of the national evaluation system.
68.
The aims of education as laid down in international human rights instruments are an
essential element in the drive towards quality, and the importance attached to human rights
values in education in Chile is a laudable feature of the reforms. The aims of education are
reflected in the Inclusive Education Act, which stipulates that the education system should
be directed towards the full development of the human personality. The bill on the national
public education system is aimed at promoting the knowledge, understanding and
commitment of students and their human rights and contains provisions on enhancing their
full development in the spiritual, ethical, moral, emotional, intellectual, artistic and physical
sphere. It thus enriches the aims of education. Fostering common human rights values
pursuant to Act No. 20.911 establishing the Civic Education Plan is indispensable today in
order to counter the trend towards the pursuit of material values and the mere instrumental
14
15
12
See www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=1028635.
See www.simce.cl.
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