A/HRC/38/51
prepare an alternative text. Hence, presidential decree No. 1 of 2018 on population
employment assistance measures was adopted on 21 January, allegedly to help citizens find
jobs and to encourage self-employment. However, in essence, the new decree is similar to
its precursor and states that all able-bodied unemployed citizens will have to pay for a
number of social and public services that are normally heavily subsidized by the State.
According to the Ministry of Labour, approximately 250,000 persons are targeted by the
new decree and may still be officially labelled as “antisocial”, a term that was previously
only used to designate alcoholics but that may be applied by local authorities to anyone
with an antisocial lifestyle. 34 Victims of such labelling may be sent to medical labour
camps. Encouragement to work actually takes the form of threats to cut social services for
those not employed under the rules of what is described as “legal employment”.
K.
Discrimination
93.
Despite several recommendations to adopt a specific anti-discrimination text, the
Belarusian legal framework continues to lack a comprehensive provision prohibiting
discrimination on the grounds of race, religion, sexual orientation and gender identity,
language, political conviction or physical or mental disability. The Special Rapporteur
continues to receive information on cases of discrimination and regrets that victims have no
legal remedies at their disposal.
1.
Racial discrimination
94.
The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination considered the
twentieth to twenty-third combined periodic reports of Belarus during its ninety-fourth
session, on 30 November and 1 December 2017. The positive developments the Committee
noted since its previous consideration of the eighteenth and nineteenth periodic reports of
Belarus in 2013 relate only to legal changes, including the ratification of treaties dealing
with trafficking in persons.
95.
The Committee reiterated the concerns it had expressed during previous
considerations of periodic reports of Belarus, namely the continuing absence of a legal
definition of, and provisions prohibiting, racial discrimination. During its dialogue with the
Committee, the delegation of Belarus indicated that Belarus was examining the need to
introduce such legal provisions (see CERD/C/SR.2603, para. 8). The Special Rapporteur
recalls that examination of the need for legal changes is a recurrent feature of the action
plan on human rights, and notes that, in the case of racial discrimination, no progress
regarding such examination can be seen. The Committee also reminded Belarus of the need
to have in place comprehensive legislation criminalizing hate speech.
96.
The Committee devoted a large part of its time to the situation of Roma, especially
regarding racial profiling by State agents, and the discrimination they face in employment,
particularly in the context of policies combating “social parasitism”.
2.
Gender
97.
In his previous reports, the Special Rapporteur described the entrenched
discrimination that women face in Belarus. Patriarchal stereotypes, amplified by State
policies and official positions and speeches, combined with the absence of specific
legislation on gender equality, have allowed little space for improvement. On the occasion
of Women’s Day 2018, President Lukashenko issued greetings to women, thanking them
for their wisdom, care of children and youth, energy and diligence, and for maintaining
comfort and harmony in the home. He added that their femininity and charm made others’
34
16
See https://finance.tut.by/news579832.html (in Russian).
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