A/HRC/45/24 students. Following those recommendations, since 2018, topics relating to sexual and gender-based violence have been integrated into the degree programmes for various professionals, including lawyers, doctors, psychologists, nurses, social workers and dentists. 27. Brazil reported efforts to foster cooperation and networking among higher education institutions. In 2016, through the cooperation agreement between the then-Special Secretariat for Human Rights of the Ministry of Justice and Citizenship, currently the Ministry of Women, Family and Human Rights, and the Ministry of Education, the national pact of universities for the promotion of respect for diversity, culture of peace and human rights was established. The national pact is aimed at introducing and implementing human rights education in higher education institutions through the formulation, implementation and monitoring of actions to promote and protect human rights within the scope of teaching, research, administration and the relationship between universities and the community. Membership is open to a wide range of stakeholders, including public, private and community-based higher education institutions, civil society organizations, public administration bodies at the federal, state, district and municipal levels and national and international foundations and companies. As of 2019, over 300 education institutions and 30 other entities have become members of the national pact. 28. Some States reported policies and programmes addressing human rights in the learning environment. In Cambodia, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, through its higher education improvement project, requested five universities in the country to set up student grievance guidelines and disseminate them to students, and the five universities will report on student grievances to the Ministry. Cambodia has undertaken efforts to guarantee that higher education is equally accessible to all, including groups in situations of exclusion or vulnerability; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport has set a 5 per cent quota of the total scholarships at public universities for students belonging to indigenous communities and, each year, provides scholarships and accommodation to approximately 600 indigenous students to continue their studies in Phnom Penh. In Georgia, the Law on Higher Education (2004) prohibits any form of discrimination in the field of higher education. In Lithuania, respect for human rights is enshrined in the codes of ethics of higher education institutions, which include provisions on non-discrimination on any grounds. D. Civil servants 29. Many States reported having implemented human rights training for civil servants at both the central and local government levels. In Georgia, in line with the Law on Civil Service (2015), the Civil Service Bureau provides human rights training as part of the supplementary pre-service programme and is planning to develop and integrate human rights curricula into the mandatory pre-service programme. In the Niger, human rights education has been integrated into pre-service and in-service training; during the reporting period, the Government also carried out human rights awareness and education activities targeting ministerial staff, including training programmes for executives in technical ministries on the human rights-based approach and the United Nations treaty bodies and for members of the interministerial committee on the United Nations human rights mechanisms. In Brazil, in 2017, the Ministry of Women, Family and Human Rights partnered with the National School of Public Administration in developing and rolling out short-term and medium-term online courses on a variety of human rights topics for various audiences, including civil servants. In Colombia, the Presidential Advisory Office for Human Rights and International Affairs has put in place a human rights training programme targeting civil servants at various levels, from those working in national executive bodies to officials in local mayors’ and governors’ offices; on average, around 400 individuals participate in the programme every year. Similarly, in Sweden, human rights training has targeted local government officials at the regional level, where work in relation to human rights is developed and coordinated by 21 country administrative boards, comprised of regional state actors and governmental agencies. The boards have developed, among other things, a joint manual on the human rights-based approach to public service and thematic summaries of the concluding observations of the United Nations treaty bodies on the periodic reports of Sweden. With support from the boards, local human rights training events allowed civil servants, local politicians and members of civil society to exchange knowledge and experiences in the area of human rights. 9