A/HRC/43/CRP.5 20. OHCHR applies the same standard of proof when documenting conflict-related civilian casualties.9 In some instances, documenting occurrences may take time before conclusions can be drawn, meaning that numbers of civilian casualties are revised as more information becomes available. OHCHR applies the “reasonable grounds” standard in attributing a civilian casualty to a particular party based on the geographic location where it occurred, the direction of fire, and the overall context surrounding the incident. 21. Information in this report is used in full respect of informed consent by all sources as to its use as well as OHCHR’s assessment on the risk of harm that such use may cause. This may entail removing identifying details to ensure confidentiality of sources. In Government-controlled territory, OHCHR has freedom of movement and full, unimpeded access to all locations and individuals. In contrast, OHCHR operations in territory controlled by ‘Donetsk people’s republic’ and ‘Luhansk people’s republic’ are still substantively restricted since June 2018, despite ongoing discussions through regular meetings with representatives of both self-proclaimed ‘republics’. 9 For more information, see OHCHR, Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine, 16 February to 15 May 2019, para. 20, available at www.ohchr.org/Documents/Countries/UA/ReportUkraine16Feb15May2019_EN.pdf. 7

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