A/HRC/31/80 3. European Union: assisting the Special Rapporteur on the rights of migrants to study the management of the external borders of the European Union 66. In 2012 and 2013, OHCHR assisted the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants to study the management of the external borders of the European Union and its human rights impact on migrants. His research included visits to Brussels for consultations with European Union officials, and to Greece, Italy, Tunisia and Turkey (see A/HRC/23/46). IV. Conclusions and recommendations 67. The examples presented in the present report highlight a number of experiences where the provision of technical cooperation and advisory services has proved helpful in supporting States’ efforts when applying a rights-based approach to the development and implementation of migration policies and programmes. 68. Experience has shown that protecting human rights in the context of migration requires a multifaceted approach, involving a large number of national, regional and international actors. Cooperation is a key component of successful and efficient interventions. The participation of all State and non-State stakeholders in the design, implementation, monitoring of progress, and evaluation of policies and programmes is fundamental to all rights-based interventions. In the area of migration, it is particularly crucial because the elements of migration policies are so diverse and involve a wide range of State and non-State actors. The support provided through technical cooperation and advisory services by OHCHR and other United Nations entities is based on the need to guarantee the human rights of all migrants, regardless of their status, and to ensure the fulfilment by States of their international legal obligations. The commitments in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to “leave no one behind” and to cooperate internationally to ensure safe, orderly and regular migration that fully respects human rights regardless of migration status require an approach to migration that is based fully on human rights. 69. In recent years, the Human Rights Council has increasingly called for a human rights-based approach to migration, expressing its wish that OHCHR should continue to play a lead role. In this respect, the Council could consider holding regular discussions on the human rights of migrants by, for example, organizing an annual panel discussion thereon. 70. The examples given in the present report of technical assistance to support States’ efforts illustrate many of the steps that must be taken to realize a human rights-based approach to migration. 71. It is important, first of all, to ensure that national laws on migration comply with international standards, and to establish a national strategy for protecting the rights of migrants, including plans to respect, protect and fulfil their rights to health, adequate housing, education and decent work. 72. In all forms of migration, it is essential to disaggregate needs and to identify the special needs and risks of specific groups, including women, children (including unaccompanied children), domestic workers, persons with disabilities and older persons. This task requires the development of accurate and well-designed arrangements for data collection and analysis, and a variety of indicators and benchmarks that allow States and other actors to measure the extent to which policies and their implementation actually protect and meet the needs of both migrants and host societies. 17