A/HRC/4/31 page 7 to our mandate, the report will ameliorate the data collection on violence occurring because of the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography and encourage the States parties to ratify and implement the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. 17. More specifically, Mr. Pinheiro suggests, in order to ensure the safety of children in residential care and juvenile justice detention facilities, to reduce the numbers of children in those centres by decriminalizing “status offences”, survival behaviours and victimization by trafficking or criminal exploitation. With regard to violence against children occurring in the workplace, the report recommends that States implement domestic labour laws, mainstream the elimination of child labour and give priority to the “worst forms” of child labour, which are inherently violent. Where children are working illegally, it is important to ensure the availability of recovery and integration programmes. Finally, in the community context, the Study proposes several ideas, such as to enhance the prosecution of offences relating to the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography through the review of domestic laws in order to abolish the requirement of “double criminality”. III. SALE OF CHILDREN’S ORGANS 18. During the past years, the Special Rapporteur has received worrying allegations relating to the issue of illegal trafficking of children’s organs and tissues. In fact, the sporadic information remains in most cases unsubstantiated. Trafficking of organs remains a sensitive issue, especially when involving vulnerable victims such as children. The Special Rapporteur finds it important to examine the above problem in his annual report so as to better assess the issue of organ trafficking. This will provide better protection for children in that area, keeping in mind the best interests of children which should always be a primary consideration. 19. According to information gathered, human organs and tissues are generally trafficked for different reasons. For example, they can be used for genetic research, religious or magic rituals, but are mainly trafficked for transplantation use. In fact, thanks to the rapid progress of medical science and technology, the success of organ transplantation is progressively increasing. However, a gap between the supply and demand for organs is continuing to widen. In fact, patient demand for transplants is so strong and the medical capacity to satisfy it so widespread, that shortages of organs are therefore bound to occur. It is alleged that, in recent years, international criminal organizations have detected the lucrative aspect of this black market. With the globalization of this phenomenon, the trade is becoming known as “transplant tourism”. As a result, this shortfall in the availability of organs in certain areas of the globe has generated a desperate search for them. Many people are thus prepared to travel to secure a transplant, and are even ready to put aside the questions about how the organ was obtained. 20. The Special Rapporteur believes that one of the major problems pertaining to this particular issue is that, while evidence abounds for the trade of adult organs, the search for proof concerning trade in children’s organs poses a still greater challenge. In fact, the knowledge of this particular organ trafficking remains weak due to an overload of rumours and hearsay. Most of the stories related to child organ trafficking have spontaneously arisen as “urban legends”, which could be defined as a false but widely believed form of modern folklore. The danger

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