A/HRC/18/40 to creating an environment conducive to resolving their differences and to engage in negotiations and dialogue to address the needs and aspirations of the various ethnic groups, 80. The independent expert reminds the Government of the Sudan of its responsibility to protect civilians from violence and to refrain from any actions that could put the lives of civilians in danger, and to hold those who violate international humanitarian and human rights law accountable. 81. The independent expert calls on the parties to grant the United Nations unimpeded access to all areas affected by violence. 82. The independent expert calls upon the parties to the conflict to provide humanitarian organizations with unhindered access in order that they many provide vital assistance for the needy and to ensure that a safe corridor is provided for the passage of civilians. 83. The independent expert calls the Human Rights Council to order an independent and credible investigation into alleged violations of human rights and humanitarian law during the hostilities in Southern Kordofan with a view to holding perpetrators to account. 84. The Governments of the Sudan and the SPLM must ensure that all necessary steps are taken to provide an enabling environment for the voluntary return of the Abyei residents to their homelands. 85. The independent expert reminds the Government of the Sudan and the SPLM of their responsibility to protect civilians from violence and to refrain from any actions that could put the lives of civilians in danger, and to hold those who violate international humanitarian and human rights law accountable. 28