A/HRC/30/42 Rapporteur pays attention to interventions in the cultural and the personal domains that have received comparatively less attention. 33. Economic conditions and their relation to non-recurrence with a view to meaningful transformation is a topic that does not receive sufficient focus. As argued in previous reports, transitional justice cannot be thought to exhaust the agenda of thorough political, social and economic transformation that is called for in the aftermath of mass violations. 34. Although the causes of violence or violations of rights cannot be reduced to inequality or poverty, singly or jointly, or to any straightforward combination of social indicators, it is well known that both inequality and poverty correlate robustly with violence and the violations of various rights, including civil and political, and economic, social and cultural. 15 Most of the violent conflicts in the world take place in countries that are or have been deeply afflicted by large inequalities, poverty, and often both. 35. There are forms of economic exclusion that, if entrenched over time, may be particularly detrimental to the enjoyment of rights. Persistent and durable inequalities, but also some of the inequalities associated with rapid but highly uneven economic growth, have been argued to be associated with both social discontent and increases in criminal activities, violence and civil conflict. 16 36. The continuation in power of an abusive regime makes it impossible to guarantee that violations will not be repeated. In some of these contexts, lack of economic opportunities outside government-paid posts raises decisively the stakes of losing power. This motivates the entrenchment of abusive regimes, increasingly also observed through the subversion of democratic processes, and consequently undermines the possibility of offering effective guarantees of non -recurrence. These cases provide a compelling illustration of the economic and developmental dimension to prevention, which must no longer be ignored and should be more thoroughly analysed. 37. In the present report, the Special Rapporteur presents a range of interventions from easily actionable to more ambitious, demanding interventions. This is not a causal sequence. No intervention, large or small, on its own, in any of the three spheres, is likely to offer sufficiently strong guarantees. The multidimensional character of conflict and of rights violations needs to be matched by multidimensional responses. The Special Rapporteur also demonstrates that there is always something that can be done in order to diminish the likelihood of repeated violations. Therefore, neither cost nor complexity of interventions is a legitimate excuse for inaction. 15 16 See A/HRC/29/31. See also World Bank, World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security and Development (Washington, D.C., 2011). See P. Justino, Shared Societies and Armed Conflict: Costs, Inequality and the Benefits of Peace, Institute of Development Studies (London, 2012). 9

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