A/HRC/4/110
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Corporación Kimirina. In collaboration with national and international partners, Kimirina has
undertaken activities in HIV prevention, awareness-raising, improvement in the quality of
service provision, coalition-building among people living with HIV and international assistance
in Peru and Bolivia.
8.
The Government of Estonia reported that injecting drug users (IDUs) and their sexual
partners remain the most affected by the epidemic, with the proportion of youth and women
among those with HIV growing. Around 13 per cent of persons in detention in Estonian prisons
were living with HIV in 2004. Programmes supported by the Global Fund are mainly targeted at
most-at-risk groups. A training and information campaign supported by the Government of the
United States of America to diminish stigma and discrimination ran from 2003 to 2005. A new
national HIV/AIDS strategy was developed for 2006-2015, together with an Action Plan for
2006-2009. The priority areas of the new strategy are prevention among IDUs, commercial sex
workers, men who have sex with men (MSM), vulnerable youth and detainees, as well as
treatment and care. Stigma and discrimination appears as one of the cross-cutting themes. In
Estonia, HIV testing is neither systematically free of charge, nor anonymous, but voluntary,
except in the case of foreigners applying for a temporary residence permit who are obliged to
take an HIV test. The Government describes its activities in the field of prevention among IDUs
and other vulnerable groups such as youth, sex workers, prisoners, MSM, pregnant women,
patients with tuberculosis and professionals who might be exposed to transmission (police,
rescue workers, prison staff). Addressing the major challenges in the near future, Estonia
highlights the growing need of antiretroviral treatment, which is free of charge for all people
who live with HIV, independently of health insurance.
9.
The Government of Finland indicated a rise in HIV infections in 2006 compared to 2005,
one factor being individuals becoming infected while abroad. This has prompted a decision to
commence a prevention campaign aimed at travellers. All persons residing in Finland are
entitled to social and health-care services on an equal basis and free of charge. No
mother-to-child transmission has been reported in the country since 1997. Finland does not have
specific HIV legislation, and protection is provided under laws, for example, guaranteeing that
patients cannot be tested or treated without their consent and that information will be treated as
confidential. The legislation also prevents discrimination against HIV/AIDS patients in working
life. Sexual and reproductive health rights are also addressed as part of health education for
children and young adults, with a focus on the right of girls and women to decide on their own
sexuality. Furthermore, recommendations have been made to improve the access of all
schoolchildren to local school health services. Sexual violence will be an important issue in the
2007 action plan on the promotion of sexual and reproductive health. Finally, Finland reports on
the various programmes, services and guidelines especially designed for vulnerable groups such
as drug users, men who have sex with men, victims of violence, child victims of sexual abuse
and immigrants.
10.
In its contribution, the Government of Germany described the current situation of the
disease in the country. New infections in 2006 suggest an increasing HIV incidence among men
who have sex with men, who represent the largest affected population group, followed by
injecting drug users and immigrants from high prevalence regions. It appears that HIV is rarely
detected among professional female commercial sex workers and, if detected, is related to
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